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===== Date and country of first publication<ref>Date and country of first publication as informed by the Scopus database (December 2023).</ref>=====
1984<br>
United States
===== Definition =====

Urban racial segregation refers to the pattern of racial groups living in separate residential areas within a city. It is the separation of different racial and ethnic communities, resulting in distinct neighborhoods characterized by their racial composition.

There are several causes and consequences of urban racial segregation. Historical racial discrimination, redlining, and restrictive housing policies have contributed to the creation and perpetuation of segregated neighborhoods. Economic disparities, educational inequalities, and social factors have also played a significant role.

Racially segregated neighborhoods often face issues such as concentrated poverty, limited access to resources and opportunities, lower-quality housing, inadequate public services, and higher crime rates. This can result in a cycle of disadvantage and perpetuate racial inequalities.

Efforts to reduce urban racial segregation involve various strategies, such as fair housing policies, affordable housing initiatives, the promotion of inclusive neighborhood planning, and community development programs. Additionally, fostering diverse and inclusive communities through education, economic opportunities, and social integration is crucial for addressing this issue.
==See also==
==Related segregation forms==
Urban racial segregation is frequently discussed in the literature with the following segregation forms:

[[racial segregation]], [[residential segregation]], [[urban segregation]], [[social segregation]], [[ethnic segregation]], [[tract segregation]], [[racial residential segregation]], [[spatial racial segregation]]
[[File:urban_racial_segregation.png|780x780px]]

This visualization is based on the study [[Segregation_Wiki:About| The Multidisciplinary Landscape of Segregation Research]].

For the complete network of interrelated segregation forms, please refer to:

* [https://tinyurl.com/2235lkhw First year of publication]

* [https://tinyurl.com/2d8wg5n3 Louvain clusters]

* [https://tinyurl.com/223udk5r Betweenness centrality]

* [https://tinyurl.com/244d8unz Disciplines in which segregation forms first emerged (Scopus database).]
==References==
==Notes==
<references />
{{NoteAI}}
==Urban racial segregation appears in the following literature==

Logan J.R., Stearns L.B. (1981). Suburban Racial Segregation as a Nonecological Process. ''Social Forces'', ''60''(1), 61-73. Oxford University Press.https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/60.1.61

Clark G.L. (1984). Who’s to blame for racial segregation?. ''Urban Geography'', ''5''(3), 193-209. https://doi.org/10.2747/0272-3638.5.3.193

Nel E.L. (1991). Racial segregation in East London, 1836 1948. ''South African Geographical Journal'', ''73''(2), 60-68. https://doi.org/10.1080/03736245.1991.9713550

Lupton M. (1993). COLLECTIVE CONSUMPTION AND URBAN SEGREGATION IN SOUTH AFRICA: THE CASE OF TWO COLORED SUBURBS IN THE JOHANNESBURG REGION. ''Antipode'', ''25''(1), 32-50. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8330.1993.tb00215.x

Robinson J. (1997). The geopolitics of South African cities: States, citizens, territory. ''Political Geography'', ''16''(5), 365-386. Elsevier BV.https://doi.org/10.1016/s0962-6298(96)00019-4

Christopher A.J. (2001). Urban segregation in post apartheid South Africa. ''Urban Studies'', ''38''(3), 449-466. Carfax Publishing Company.https://doi.org/10.1080/00420980120080031

Rohe W.M., Freeman L. (2001). Assisted housing and residential segregation: The role of race and ethnicity in the siting of assisted housing developments. ''Journal of the American Planning Association'', ''67''(3), 279-292. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944360108976236

Ellis M., Wright R., Parks V. (2004). Work together, live apart? Geographies of racial and ethnic segregation at home and at work. ''Annals of the Association of American Geographers'', ''94''(3), 620-637. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8306.2004.00417.x

Corrigall M. (2018). Reframing Johannesburg’s urban politics through the lens of the Chinese Camera Club of South Africa. ''Social Dynamics'', ''44''(3), 508-525. Centre for African Studies.https://doi.org/10.1080/02533952.2018.1503036

Tewolde A.I. (202). Experiencing de facto Racial Residential Segregation in Urban South Africa: An African Refugee's Auto ethnography1. ''Urbanities'', ''10''(2), 109-123. Il Denaro Group.https://doi.org/

Liu Q., Liu M., Ye X. (2021). An extended spatiotemporal exposure index for urban racial segregation. ''Cartography and Geographic Information Science'', ''48''(6), 530-545. Taylor and Francis Ltd..https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2021.1965915

Dmowska A., Stepinski T.F. (2022). Improving assessment of urban racial segregation by partitioning a region into racial enclaves. ''Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science'', ''49''(1), 290-303. SAGE Publications Ltd.https://doi.org/10.1177/23998083211001386

Urban racial segregation - Revision history

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