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===== Date and country of first publication<ref>Date and country of first publication as informed by the Scopus database (December 2023).</ref>=====
1990<br>
United States
===== Definition =====

Labor segregation refers to the practice of separating workers based on certain characteristics, such as gender, race, or ethnicity, and assigning them to specific types of jobs or roles within an organization. This can result in certain groups of workers being disproportionately represented in low-paying, less prestigious, or less desirable positions, while other groups are overrepresented in higher-paying, higher-status roles. Labor segregation can contribute to inequalities and disparities in the workforce, as well as limit opportunities for advancement and career growth for marginalized groups. Efforts to address labor segregation typically involve promoting diversity and inclusion in hiring and promotion processes, as well as implementing policies and practices that support equal opportunities for all workers.
===== Synonyms =====
The following terms are synonymous with labor segregation:

labour segregation.

References and literature addressing this segregation form under these synonymous terms can be found below.
==See also==
==Related segregation forms==
Labor segregation is frequently discussed in the literature with the following segregation forms:

[[gender segregation]], [[occupational segregation]], [[racial segregation]], [[structural segregation]], [[workplace segregation]], [[labor market segregation]], [[occupational gender segregation]], [[gender labor segregation]]
[[File:labor_segregation.png|780x780px]]

This visualization is based on the study [[Segregation_Wiki:About| The Multidisciplinary Landscape of Segregation Research]].

For the complete network of interrelated segregation forms, please refer to:

* [https://tinyurl.com/2235lkhw First year of publication]

* [https://tinyurl.com/2d8wg5n3 Louvain clusters]

* [https://tinyurl.com/223udk5r Betweenness centrality]

* [https://tinyurl.com/244d8unz Disciplines in which segregation forms first emerged (Scopus database).]
==References==
==Notes==
<references />
{{NoteAI}}
==Labor segregation appears in the following literature==

Eden J.A. (199). Race and the reproduction of factory labor in Malaysia. ''Environment & Planning D: Society & Space'', ''8''(2), 175-190. https://doi.org/10.1068/d080175

Muñoz L.G., Pérez P.F. (2007). Female entrepreneurship in Spain during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. ''Business History Review'', ''81''(3), 495-515. Cambridge University Press.https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007680500036692

Simón H., Sanromá E., Ramos R. (2008). Labour segregation and immigrant and native born wage distributions in Spain: An analysis using matched employer employee data. ''Spanish Economic Review'', ''10''(2), 135-168. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10108-007-9035-1

Dueñas Fernández D., Iglesias Fernández C., Llorente Heras R. (2013). Labour segregation in the Spanish regions from 1996 to 2010; [La segregación laboral en las regiones Españolas durante el periodo 1996 2010]. ''Investigaciones Regionales'', 91-113. https://doi.org/

Espino A. (2013). Salary gaps in Uruguay: Gender, segregation and unequal labor qualifications; [Brechas salariales en Uruguay: Género, segregación y desajustes por calificación]. ''Problemas del Desarrollo'', ''44''(174), 89-117. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico.https://doi.org/10.1016/s0301-7036(13)71889-3

Mora C., Undurraga E.A. (2013). Racialisation of immigrants at work: Labour mobility and segmentation of peruvian migrants in Chile. ''Bulletin of Latin American Research'', ''32''(3), 294-310. https://doi.org/10.1111/blar.12002

Hofäcker D., Stoilova R., Riebling J.R. (2013). The gendered division of paid and unpaid work in different institutional regimes: Comparing West Germany, East Germany and Bulgaria. ''European Sociological Review'', ''29''(2), 192-209. https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcr055

Gupta N. (2015). Rethinking the relationship between gender and technology: a study of the Indian example. ''Work, Employment and Society'', ''29''(4), 661-672. SAGE Publications Ltd.https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017014556410

Barbiano di Belgiojoso E., Ortensi L.E. (2015). Female Labour Segregation in the Domestic Services in Italy. ''Journal of International Migration and Integration'', ''16''(4), 1121-1139. Kluwer Academic Publishers.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-014-0384-y

Barbiano di Belgiojoso E., Ortensi L.E. (2015). Female Labour Segregation in the Domestic Services in Italy. ''Journal of International Migration and Integration'', ''16''(4), 1121-1139. Kluwer Academic Publishers.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-014-0384-y

Brown L.K., Troutt E. (2017). Sex and Salaries at a Canadian University: The Song Remains the Same or the Times They Are a Changin'?. ''Canadian Public Policy'', ''43''(3), 246-260. University of Toronto Press Inc..https://doi.org/10.3138/cpp.2016-047

Carrigan C. (2018). ‘Different isn’t free’: Gender @ work in a digital world. ''Ethnography'', ''19''(3), 336-359. SAGE Publications Ltd.https://doi.org/10.1177/1466138117728737

Gradín C. (2021). Occupational Gender Segregation in Post Apartheid South Africa. ''Feminist Economics'', ''27''(3), 102-133. Routledge.https://doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2021.1906439

Freier L.F., Rodríguez N.F. (2021). The impact of immigration regulations and visa policies on the Gendered nature of international migration. ''The Palgrave Handbook of Gender and Migration'', 505-519. Springer International Publishing.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63347-9_31

Puzio A., Valshtein T. (2022). Gender Segregation in Culturally Feminized Work: Theory and Evidence of Boys’ Capacity for Care. ''Psychology of Men and Masculinity'', ''23''(3), 271-284. American Psychological Association.https://doi.org/10.1037/men0000397

Puzio A., Valshtein T. (2022). Gender Segregation in Culturally Feminized Work: Theory and Evidence of Boys’ Capacity for Care. ''Psychology of Men and Masculinity'', ''23''(3), 271-284. American Psychological Association.https://doi.org/10.1037/men0000397

Saco M.A.C., Gil M., Campos C. (2022). Gender Inequity: Older Workers and the Gender Labor Income Gap in Peru. ''Social Inclusion'', ''10''(1), 35-45. Cogitatio Press.https://doi.org/10.17645/si.v10i1.4783

Labor segregation - Revision history

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